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Ghaznavi and Ghori Dynasties
Ghaznavi And Ghori Dynasties
- Khyber pass has been most frequently used by external invaders.
- Ghaznavi rule lasted in India for 175 years.
- Mahmud of Ghazni waged war against rebellious India in the year of 1000 AD.
- Mahmud of Ghazni invaded India 17 times.
- Mahmud Ghaznavi attack early period of its reign on Shahi dynasty.
- Shahab ud din Muhammad Ghori defeated Prithvi Raj in the year 1192 in the field of Tarain.
- Sultan Mahmmod Ghaznavi was the first Muslim ruler of south asia
- Ghaznavi rule lasted in the subcontinent from 1010 AD to 1186.
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Muhammad Bin Qasim
Muhammad Bin Qasim
- Arab traders were the first who peacefully preached Islam in southern Hind. Jazzier Maldives, Sri-Lanka and Gujrat were greatly impressed by the teachings of Islam. The old name of Sri-Lanka was Ceylon.
- India’s earliest contact with Islam came through Arab merchants of Malabar Coast.
- The king of Ceylon sent a ship carrying some gifts, some children and widow of an Arab trader. This ship was going from Srilanka towards Damascus.
- The name of woman who sailed in the ship of the king of Ceylon was “Naheed”.
- Naheed’s ship was attacked at the Coast of Sindh by the pirates of the ruler of the Sindh. The name of the Coast was Debul.
- The ruler of the Sindh who attacked the Naheed’s ship was Raja Dahir.
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Indus Valley Civilization
INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION
- The main occupation of the Indus valley civilization was “Agriculture”.
- Excavations at Mohenjo Daro have revealed “Millet grains” in earthen vessels.
- The most ancient civilization is “Mesopotamia”.
- The great Granary of the Indus valley Civilization has been discovered at “Mohenjodaro” which is also known as Mound of the Dead.
- The officer responsible for the safe custody of land records during Gupta period was known as “Karanika”.
- The Prakrit text Gaudavaho describes the deeds of “Yasovarman”.
- “Pushyabhuti” was referred as the founder of the Vardhana dynasty by “Harshacharita”.
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Ideology of Pakistan
IDEOLOGY OF PAKISTAN
- The word ideology is originated from “French” which means science of ideas.
- Pakistan’s ideology is based on the ideas of “Islam”.
- Five basic elements of ideology of Pakistan:-Islam, Equality and Social Justice, Democracy, Diversity, Equity.
- A grouping of people who share real or imagined common history, culture, language or ethnic origin, often processing or seeking its own government is called as “Nation”.
- The basic driving force behind the creation of Pakistan was “Islamic Ideology”.
- A famous quote said by Quaid-I-Azam:-“Pakistan came into existence when first Muslim put his feet on the soil of subcontinent”.
- Quaid-e-Azam called Islam “our bedrock and sheet anchor” while addressing “PUNJAB STUDENT FEDERATION”.
- Quoted by “Muhammad Ali Jinnah”:-The Hindus worship cows whereas Muslims slaughter it.
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