General Knowledge

Option: A
Explanation :UNO has failed to grant the right to self determination to the people of Kashmir though the same right has been given to the people of East Timor. East Timor is a country in Southeast Asia. The nearby islands of Atauro and Jaco, and Oecusse, an exclave on the northwestern side of the island surrounded by Indonesian West Timor. Australia is the country’s southern neighbor, separated by the Timor Sea. The country’s size is about 15,007 km2 (5,794 sq mi).East Timor was colonized by Portugal in the 16th century. Therefore known as Portuguese Timor until 28 November 1975. When the Revolutionary Front for an Independent East Timor (Fretilin) declared the territory’s independence. After 9 days later, it was invaded and occupied by the Indonesian military and was declared as the country’s 27th province. In 1999, following the United Nations-sponsored act of self-determination Indonesia relinquished control of the territory. East Timor became the first new sovereign state of the 21st century on 20 May 2002 and joined the United Nations and the Community of Portuguese Language Countries. In 2011 East Timor announced its intention to become the eleventh member of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN).It is one of only two predominantly Christian nations in Southeast Asia, the other one is the Philippines as well as the only Asian country to be located completely in the Southern Hemisphere.

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Option: A
Explanation :NATO founding treaty was signed in Washington D.C 4 April 1949 , NATO is the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. NATO is an intergovernmental military alliance between countries in North America and Europe.
NATO was formed following World War II. Its founding treaty was signed in Washington D.C. in 1949 by a dozen European and North American countries.
The 12 founding member countries of NATO are: Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway ,Portugal, United Kingdom, United States

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Option: C
Explanation : NATO is the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. NATO is an intergovernmental military alliance between countries in North America and Europe.
NATO was formed following World War II. Its founding treaty was signed in Washington D.C. in 1949 by a dozen European and North American countries.
The 12 founding member countries of NATO are: Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway ,Portugal, United Kingdom, United States

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Option: A
Explanation : NATO is the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. NATO is an intergovernmental military alliance between countries in North America and Europe.
NATO was formed following World War II. Its founding treaty was signed in Washington D.C. in 1949 by a dozen European and North American countries.
The NATO alliance was formed as a response to the threat posed after the Second World War by the Soviet Union. NATO’s purpose was to protect democratic nations against the spread of communism in Europe. NATO’s website states “It commits the Allies to democracy, individual liberty and the rule of law, as well as to peaceful resolution of disputes. Importantly, the treaty sets out the idea of collective defense, meaning that an attack against one Ally is considered an attack against all Allies.”

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Option: D
Explanation : A neutral country is a country that doesn’t take sides. This could be during a certain war, or it could be for all conflicts. Countries that are neutral in future conflicts do not enter military alliances. The definition of “neutral” varies from country to country. Some nations, for example, do not have a military. Others do have a military in place to protect themselves if needed but do not deploy their militaries to other nations.
Throughout history, there have been various nations around the world that have been neutral. Currently, nations that are neutral against future conflicts are: 1. Austria 2.Costa Rica 3.Finland 4.Ghana 5.Ireland 6.Japan 7.Liechtenstein 8.Malta 9.Mexico 10.Mongolia 11.Moldova 12.Panama 13.Rwanda 14.Serbia 15.Singapore 16.Sweden 17.Switzerland 18.Turkmenistan 19.Uzbekistan 20.Vatican City

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Option: B
Explanation : Track II diplomacy or “backchannel diplomacy” is the practice of “non-governmental, informal and unofficial contacts and activities between private citizens or groups of individuals, sometimes called ‘non-state actors'”. It contrasts with track I diplomacy which is official governmental diplomacy that occur inside official government channels. However, track two diplomacy is not a substitute for track one diplomacy. Rather, it is there to assist official actors to manage and resolve conflicts by exploring possible solutions derived from the public view and without the requirements of formal negotiation or bargaining for advantage. In addition, the term track 1.5 diplomacy is used by some analysts to define a situation where official and non-official actors cooperate in conflict resolution.

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Option: A
Explanation :The first use of airplanes in an actual war occurred in the 1911 Italo-Turkish War with Italian Army Air Corps Blériot XI and Nieuport IV monoplanes bombing a Turkish camp at Ain Zara, Libya.
The Italo-Turkish or Turco-Italian War was fought between the Kingdom of Italy and the Ottoman Empire from September-29-1911 to October-18-1912.
On October-23-1911 an Italian pilot Captain “Carlo Piazza” flew over Turkish lines on the world’s first aerial reconnaissance mission and on November-1-1911 the first ever aerial bomb was dropped by Sottotenente Giulio Gavotti on Turkish troops in Libya, from an early model of Etrich Taube aircraft.

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Option: D
Explanation :The summer solstice occurs during summer.This is the June solstice in the Northern Hemisphere and the December solstice in the Southern Hemisphere. Depending on the shift of the calendar, the summer solstice occurs sometime between June 20 and June 22 in the Northern Hemisphere and between December 20 and December 23 in the Southern Hemisphere.The same dates in the opposite hemisphere are referred to as the winter solstice.

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Option: C
Explanation :The winter solstice December 22 marks the shortest day of the year. A solstice occurs twice a year, when the sun’s position in the sky, as viewed from Earth, reaches its farthest points north and south from the celestial equator. According to the Meteorology Department on December 22, with sunrise at 7:06am and sunset at 5:07pm, the day would be 10.1 hours long. Henceforth, the days would start lengthening and nights shortening form December 23.

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Option: A
Explanation :Robert of Ketton, known in Latin as Rodbertus Ketenensis, was an English astronomer, translator, priest and diplomat active in Spain. He translated several works of Arabic into Latin, including the first translation of the Quran into any Western language in 1143.

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