Networking Basics

Option: D
Explanation :Stackable hubs work just like standalone hubs, except that several of them can be “stacked” or connected together with short lengths of special cable. When they are connected together, they act like a modular hub, because they can be managed as a single unit. These hubs are ideal those who want to start with a minimal investment, but realize that the LAN will grow.
Low-end stand alone hubs are single products with a number of ports. Standalone hubs usually include some method of linking them to other standalone hubs for network expansion. Standalone hubs are usually the least expensive type of hub, and are best suited for small, independent workgroups, departments, or offices, typically with fewer than 12 users per LAN.

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Option: C
Explanation :The command line vty 0 4 places you in a prompt that will allow you to set or change your Telnet password.

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Option: D
Explanation :The command copy flash tftp will prompt you to back up an existing IOS in flash to a TFTP host.

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Option: D
Explanation :802.11 Applies to wireless LANs and provides 1 or 2 Mbps transmission in the 2.4 GHz band using either frequency hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) or direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS).
802.11a An extension to 802.11 that applies to wireless LANs and provides up to 54-Mbps in the 5GHz band. 802.11a uses an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing encoding scheme rather than FHSS or DSSS.
802.11b Also referred to as 802.11 High Rate or Wi-Fi, is an extension to 802.11 that applies to wireless LANS and provides 11 Mbps transmission (with a fallback to 5.5, 2 and 1-Mbps) in the 2.4 GHz band. 802.11b uses only DSSS.
802.11e A wireless draft standard that defines the Quality of Service (QoS) support for LANs, and is an enhancement to the 802.11a and 802.11b wireless LAN (WLAN) specifications.
802.11g Applies to wireless LANs and is used for transmission over short distances at up to 54-Mbps in the 2.4 GHz bands.

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Option: B
Explanation :The command to back up the configuration on a router is copy running-config startup-config.

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Option: C
Explanation :ACLs are a network filter utilized by routers and some switches to permit and restrict data flows into and out of network interfaces. When an ACL is configured on an interface, the network device analyzes data passing through the interface, compares it to the criteria described in the ACL, and either permits the data to flow or prohibits it.
On Cisco routers, there are two main types: standard and extended. These two types are the most widely used ACLs.

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Option: A
Explanation :A computer network is a set of connected computers. Computers on a network are called nodes. The connection between computers can be done via cabling, most commonly the Ethernet cable, or wirelessly through radio waves. Connected computers can share resources, like access to the Internet, printers, file servers, and others. A network is a multipurpose connection, which allows a single computer to do more.

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Option: B
Explanation :A distributed system is a network that consists of autonomous computers that are connected using a distribution middleware. They help in sharing different resources and capabilities to provide users with a single and integrated coherent network.
A distributed system consists of computers that are not only connected but coordinate among each other to form a single system. That distributed system then provides one or more services to other machines outside the system, without those clients needing to know or care about which machine within the distributed system performs a particular role or holds a particular piece of data.

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Option: D
Explanation :Port address translation (PAT) is a function that allows multiple users within a private network to make use of a minimal number of IP addresses. Its basic function is to share a single IP public address between multiple clients who need to use the Internet publicly. It is an extension of network address translation (NAT).
Port Address Tranlation is also called porting, port overloading, port-level multiplexed NAT and single address NAT.

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Option: B
Explanation :Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) is the most recent version of the Internet Protocol (IP), the communications protocol that provides an identification and location system for computers on networks and routes traffic across the Internet. IPv6 was developed by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) to deal with the long-anticipated problem of IPv4 address exhaustion. IPv6 is intended to replace IPv4.In December 1998, IPv6 became a Draft Standard for the IETF, who subsequently ratified it as an Internet Standard on 14 July 2017.
IPv6 uses a 128-bit address, theoretically allowing 2^128, or approximately 3.4×1038 addresses. The actual number is slightly smaller, as multiple ranges are reserved for special use or completely excluded from use. The total number of possible IPv6 addresses is more than 7.9×1028 times as many as IPv4, which uses 32-bit addresses and provides approximately 4.3 billion addresses.
IPv6 addresses are represented as eight groups, separated by colons, of four hexadecimal digits. The full representation may be simplified by several methods of notation; for example, 2001:0db8:0000:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334 becomes 2001:db8::8a2e:370:7334.

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