Basic IT

Option: C
Explanation :The term fuzzy mean things which are not very clear or vague. In real life, we may come across a situation where we can’t decide whether the statement is true or false. At that time, fuzzy logic offers very valuable flexibility for reasoning. We can also consider the uncertainties of any situation.
Fuzzy logic algorithm helps to solve a problem after considering all available data. Then it takes the best possible decision for the given the input. The FL method imitates the way of decision making in a human which consider all the possibilities between digital values T and F.
The inventor of fuzzy logic, Lotfi Zadeh, observed that unlike computers, the human decision making includes a range of possibilities between YES and NO.

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Option: A
Explanation :A firewall is a network security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules. A firewall typically establishes a barrier between a trusted internal network and untrusted external network, such as the Internet.
Firewalls are often categorized as either network firewalls or host-based firewalls. Network firewalls filter traffic between two or more networks and run on network hardware. Host-based firewalls run on host computers and control network traffic in and out of those machines.

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Option: B
Explanation :Stands for “First In, First Out.” FIFO is a method of processing and retrieving data. In a FIFO system, the first items entered are the first ones to be removed. In other words, the items are removed in the same order they are entered.

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Option: C
Explanation :Google stands alone in its focus on developing the “perfect search engine,” defined by co-founder Larry Page as something that, “understands exactly what you mean and gives you back exactly what you want.” To that end, Google has persistently pursued innovation and refused to accept the limitations of existing models. As a result, Google developed its own serving infrastructure and breakthrough PageRank technology that changed the way searches are conducted.

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Option: A
Explanation :Originally specified in 1958 Lisp is the second-oldest high-level programming language in widespread use today. Only Fortran is older, by one year.
Lisp was originally created as a practical mathematical notation for computer programs.LISP became the favored programming language for artificial intelligence (AI) research. As one of the earliest programming languages, Lisp pioneered many ideas in computer science including tree data structures, automatic storage management, dynamic typing, conditionals, higher-order functions, recursion, the self-hosting compiler,and the read–eval–print loop.

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Option: C
Explanation :MNEMONIC: English word MNEMONIC means “A device such as a pattern of letters, ideas, or associations that assists in remembering something.” So, its usually used by assembly language programmers to remember the “OPERATIONS” a machine can do, like “ADD” and “MUL” and “MOV” etc. This is assembler specific.
OPCODE: It is a number interpreted by your machine(virtual or silicon) that represents the operation to perform.
In computer assembler (or assembly) language, a mnemonic is an abbreviation for an operation. It’s entered in the operation code field of each assembler program instruction. for example AND AC,37 which means AND the AC register with 37. so AND, SUB and MUL are mnemonic. They are get translated by the assembler.
BYTECODE: Same as machine code, except, its mostly used by a software based interpreter(like Java or CLR).
MACHINE CODE: It is the sequence of numbers that flip the switches in the computer on and off to perform a certain job of work – such as addition of numbers, branching, multiplication, etc etc. This is purely machine specific and well documented by the implementers of the processor..

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Option: D
Explanation :Electronic conferencing is a widespread method used in today’s businesses, as well as in education and social networking websites. The purpose of electronic conferencing is for individuals to engage in various dialogues without being in the same room. Participants can also send and receive files, as well as share documents onto a conferencing discussion board.

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Option: C
Explanation :Primary storage device like semiconductor memory chips are called direct access. Direct access can be split into two main categories RAM and ROM.
RAM (Random Access Memory):- Random Access Memory (RAM)is the Read and write (R/W) memory of a computer. It is a volatile memory means information written on it can be accessed as long as power is on.
strong>ROM (Read Only Memory):- Read only memory (ROM) is an example of nonvolatile memory. Read Only Memory (ROM) is also known as firmware. Because it is an integrated circuit programmed with specific data when it is manufactured.

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Option: A
Explanation :A GUI (graphical user interface) is interactive components such as icons and other graphical objects that help a user interact with computer software, such as an operating system.
A GUI is considered to be more user-friendly than a text-based command-line interface, such as MS-DOS, or the shell of Unix-like operating systems.

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Option: B
Explanation :System software is a type of computer program that is designed to run a computer’s hardware and application programs. If we think of the computer system as a layered model, the system software is the interface between the hardware and user applications. The operating system (OS) is the best-known example of system software. The OS manages all the other programs in a computer.

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