Computer Science

Option: D
Explanation :An international information systems architecture consists of the basic information systems required by organizations to coordinate worldwide trade and other activities.The five major dimensions of an international information systems architecture are.
1. The Global Environment: Business Drivers and Challenges
2. Corporate Global Strategies
3. Organization Structure
4. Management and business processes
5. Technology Platform
Business process reengineering is the act of recreating a core business process with the goal of improving product output, quality, or reducing costs.Typically, it involves the analysis of company workflows, finding processes that are sub-par or inefficient, and figuring out ways to get rid of them or change them.

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Option: A
Explanation :Business process reengineering is the act of recreating a core business process with the goal of improving product output, quality, or reducing costs.Typically, it involves the analysis of company workflows, finding processes that are sub-par or inefficient, and figuring out ways to get rid of them or change them.
Business process reengineering became popular in the business world in the 1990s, inspired by an article called Reengineering Work: Don’t Automate, Obliterate which was published in the Harvard Business review by Michael Hammer.

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Option: C
Explanation :Primary storage device like semiconductor memory chips are called direct access. Direct access can be split into two main categories RAM and ROM.
RAM (Random Access Memory):- Random Access Memory (RAM)is the Read and write (R/W) memory of a computer. It is a volatile memory means information written on it can be accessed as long as power is on.
strong>ROM (Read Only Memory):- Read only memory (ROM) is an example of nonvolatile memory. Read Only Memory (ROM) is also known as firmware. Because it is an integrated circuit programmed with specific data when it is manufactured.

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Option: A
Explanation :A GUI (graphical user interface) is interactive components such as icons and other graphical objects that help a user interact with computer software, such as an operating system.
A GUI is considered to be more user-friendly than a text-based command-line interface, such as MS-DOS, or the shell of Unix-like operating systems.

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Option: B
Explanation :System software is a type of computer program that is designed to run a computer’s hardware and application programs. If we think of the computer system as a layered model, the system software is the interface between the hardware and user applications. The operating system (OS) is the best-known example of system software. The OS manages all the other programs in a computer.

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Option: D
Explanation :VDT (video display terminal or sometimes visual display terminal) is a term used especially in ergonomic studies for the computer display. A display is a computer output surface and projecting mechanism that shows text and often graphic images to the computer user, using a cathode ray tube ( CRT ), liquid crystal display ( LCD ), light-emitting diode, gas plasma, or other image projection technology.

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Option: B
Explanation :The most common form of visual output for user interface is printout. A printout is a term used to describe the actual printed version of text or images. The more appropriate term for a printout would be a hard copy.

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Option: A
Explanation :Daisy wheel printing is an impact printing technology invented in 1970 by Dr Andrew Gabor at Diablo Data Systems.The daisy wheel is considered to be so named because of its resemblance to the daisy flower.The printer uses a metal or plastic disk containing each of the letters, numbers, and other characters it supports.
By 1980 daisy wheel printers had become the dominant technology for high-quality text printing.

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Option: C
Explanation : Xerography also known as electrophotography is a printing and photocopying technique that works on the basis of electrostatic charges. The xerography process is the dominant method of reproducing images and printing computer data and is used in photocopiers, laser printer s and fax machines. The term derives from the Greek words xeros , meaning dry and graphos , meaning writing.
The original xerography process allowed for reproducing or printing only grayscale images. Later, the capability to reproduce and print color images was developed. High-end grayscale and color laser printers can provide hard copy nearly as good as that produced by an offset printer. Xerography may eventually supplant traditional printing for the production of books and magazines.

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Option: E
Explanation : A decision support system (DSS) is a computer program application that analyzes business data and presents it so that users can make business decisions more easily. It is an “informational application” (to distinguish it from an “operational application” that collects the data in the course of normal business operation). A decision support system may present information graphically and may include an expert system or artificial intelligence (AI). It may be aimed at business executives or some other group of knowledge workers.
Transaction Process System it is a type of information system (IS) that collects, stores, modifies and retrieves transaction of an organization. Here the word transaction is used to mean any event that generates or modifies data stored in the IS. For example batch processing is an example of TPS.
Enterprise resource planning (ERP) is business process management software that allows an organization to use a system of integrated applications to manage the business and automate many back office functions related to technology, services and human resources. ERP software typically integrates all facets of an operation — including product planning, development, manufacturing, sales and marketing — in a single database, application and user interface.
Management information system(MIS) broadly refers to a computer-based system that provides managers with the tools to organize, evaluate and efficiently manage departments within an organization. In order to provide past, present and prediction information, a management information system can include software that helps in decision making, data resources such as databases, the hardware resources of a system, decision support systems, people management and project management applications, and any computerized processes that enable the department to run efficiently.The role of the management information system (MIS) manager is to focus on the organization’s information and technology systems. The MIS manager typically analyzes business problems and then designs and maintains computer applications to solve the organization’s problems.

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