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Option: C
Explanation : Xerography also known as electrophotography is a printing and photocopying technique that works on the basis of electrostatic charges. The xerography process is the dominant method of reproducing images and printing computer data and is used in photocopiers, laser printer s and fax machines. The term derives from the Greek words xeros , meaning dry and graphos , meaning writing.
The original xerography process allowed for reproducing or printing only grayscale images. Later, the capability to reproduce and print color images was developed. High-end grayscale and color laser printers can provide hard copy nearly as good as that produced by an offset printer. Xerography may eventually supplant traditional printing for the production of books and magazines.

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Option: E
Explanation : A decision support system (DSS) is a computer program application that analyzes business data and presents it so that users can make business decisions more easily. It is an “informational application” (to distinguish it from an “operational application” that collects the data in the course of normal business operation). A decision support system may present information graphically and may include an expert system or artificial intelligence (AI). It may be aimed at business executives or some other group of knowledge workers.
Transaction Process System it is a type of information system (IS) that collects, stores, modifies and retrieves transaction of an organization. Here the word transaction is used to mean any event that generates or modifies data stored in the IS. For example batch processing is an example of TPS.
Enterprise resource planning (ERP) is business process management software that allows an organization to use a system of integrated applications to manage the business and automate many back office functions related to technology, services and human resources. ERP software typically integrates all facets of an operation — including product planning, development, manufacturing, sales and marketing — in a single database, application and user interface.
Management information system(MIS) broadly refers to a computer-based system that provides managers with the tools to organize, evaluate and efficiently manage departments within an organization. In order to provide past, present and prediction information, a management information system can include software that helps in decision making, data resources such as databases, the hardware resources of a system, decision support systems, people management and project management applications, and any computerized processes that enable the department to run efficiently.The role of the management information system (MIS) manager is to focus on the organization’s information and technology systems. The MIS manager typically analyzes business problems and then designs and maintains computer applications to solve the organization’s problems.

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Option: B
Explanation : A simple system is one in which there are a few interrelated entities whereas a complex system is one in which there a lot of components with a lot of interrelations among them.
A bicycle may be considered as an example of a simple system whereas a motorcycle may be considered a complex system. In the bicycle, the number of entities and subsystems are very few, whereas in a motorcycle the number of entities, subsystems and their interrelations are many. Each subsystem in a motorcycle may itself be considered as a simple system.

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Option: A
Explanation : A simple system is one in which there are a few interrelated entities whereas a complex system is one in which there a lot of components with a lot of interrelations among them.
A bicycle may be considered as an example of a simple system whereas a motorcycle may be considered a complex system. In the bicycle, the number of entities and subsystems are very few, whereas in a motorcycle the number of entities, subsystems and their interrelations are many. Each subsystem in a motorcycle may itself be considered as a simple system.

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Option: B
Explanation : Concrete systems are systems in which at least two components are objects. Concrete systems can be physical or social systems.
An abstract system is an ordered arrangement of concepts. Abstract systems can be procedural or conceptual.

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Option: A
Explanation : An abstract system is an ordered arrangement of concepts. Abstract systems can be procedural or conceptual.
Concrete systems are systems in which at least two components are objects. Concrete systems can be physical or social systems.

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Option: B
Explanation : Random systems are completely unpredictable systems. One is completely unaware of the components and their relationships with each other and hence, the output is random. An example of random system is the transport system. Given an input one is not sure about the output.

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Option: B
Explanation : A system is said to be open when it interacts with the environment in which it exists. It exchanges inputs and outputs with the environment.

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Option: D
Explanation :Stackable hubs work just like standalone hubs, except that several of them can be “stacked” or connected together with short lengths of special cable. When they are connected together, they act like a modular hub, because they can be managed as a single unit. These hubs are ideal those who want to start with a minimal investment, but realize that the LAN will grow.
Low-end stand alone hubs are single products with a number of ports. Standalone hubs usually include some method of linking them to other standalone hubs for network expansion. Standalone hubs are usually the least expensive type of hub, and are best suited for small, independent workgroups, departments, or offices, typically with fewer than 12 users per LAN.

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Option: D
Explanation :From medieval Italy to the 19th century France, four major inventors contributed to the rise of the bicycle. Some created true innovations, others improved upon earlier models, but only one man is today regarded as the true inventor of the bicycle. Frenchman Pierre Michaux (together with his son Ernest and partner Pierre Lallement) created first pedal based bicycle during early 1860s. That moment started long and successfully history of bicycle that we all know and use today.
Final great landmark of bicycle history happened in 1885 with the appearance of John Kemp Starley’s “safety bicycle”. Equipped with standardized metal frame, rear wheel chain drive and pneumatic wheels, this model became instant success. Everyone was able to drive it, and its use became widespread all across the world.

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