Biology

Option: C
Explanation :Your blood type is determined by the antigens it contains. There are two major types of blood antigens: ABO and Rh, which combine to create blood types: O+. O-, A+, A-, B+, B-, AB+ & AB-
A patient can receive blood that has the same ABO antigens as theirs, plus O. Rh+ can receive Rh+ or Rh-, while Rh- must receive Rh- blood.
If your blood type is: O Positive You can give to: O+, A+, B+, AB+ You can receive from: O+, O-
If your blood type is: A Positive You can give to: A+, AB+ You can receive from: A+, A-, O+, O-
If your blood type is: B Positive You can give to: B+, AB+ You can receive from: B+, B-, O+, O-

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Option: A
Explanation :Ptyalin is an enzyme that is part of your saliva and aids with digestion. Enzymes are compounds that help speed up chemical reactions. In the case of saliva, the enzymes help speed up reactions that break down the food you eat. Even before food makes it to your stomach it begins to break down, and enzymes help make the process go smoothly.
Ptyalin helps digestion by breaking down starches and glycogens as they enter your mouth. After the starches and glycogen are covered with saliva, they are broken down into maltose and glucose — simple sugars that can be used more readily by the body. After the ptyalin speeds up the chemical reaction that breaks down these molecules, it simply unbinds from them and binds to a different set of molecules. Ptyalin can be used again and again, and this is what allows us to continue eating starches and glycogen.

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Option: C
Explanation :A biliary obstruction is a blockage of the bile ducts. The bile ducts carry bile from the liver and gallbladder through the Pancreas to the duodenum (Parts of the small intestine). Bile is a dark green or Yellowish brown fluid secreted by the liver to digest fats. After you eat the gallbladder releases bile to help in digestion and fat absorption. Bile also helps clear the liver of waste products.

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Option: D
Explanation :Seat of memory in human brain is located in Cerebellum, Cortex and Cerebrum. The Cerebrum is one correct answer, but it’s the cerebral cortex where that memory is held. So cortex is also a correct answer. On the other hand cerebellum holds other kinds off-memory, so that’s correct answer too.
The human brain is hugely interconnected but three major components can be identified:
I. The cerebrum
II. The cerebellum
III. The brain stem
Role of Cerebellum:-
The cerebellum plays an important role in balance and motor control. As a result cerebellum involved in some cognitive functions such as attention, language, emotional functions and in the processing of procedural memories.
Most importantly the cerebrum (or forebrain) makes up 75% of the brain by volume and 85% by weight. It is divided by a large groove, known as the longitudinal fissure, into two distinct hemispheres. The left and right hemispheres (“left” and “right” refer to the owner’s point of view, not an outside viewer’s) are linked by a large bundle of nerve fibres called the corpus callosum, further also by other smaller connections called commissures.
The cerebrum is covered by a sheet of neural tissue known as the cerebral cortex (or neocortex). Cerebral cortex envelops other brain organs such as the thalamus, the hypothalamus and pituitary gland.
Firstly thalamus evolved to help relay information from the brain stem and spinal cord to the cerebral cortex. Secondly pituitary gland control visceral functions, body temperature and behavioural responses such as feeding, drinking, sexual response, aggression and pleasure.
Role of Cerebral Cortex:-
The cerebral cortex plays a key role in memory, attention, perceptual awareness, thought, language and consciousness. It is divided into four main regions or lobes, which cover both hemispheres.
The frontal lobe involved in conscious thought and higher mental functions such as decision-making, particularly. This part of the frontal lobe known as the prefrontal cortex. In addition prefrontal cortex plays an important part in processing short-term memories and retaining longer term memories. Therefore The seat of memory in the human brain is located in Cerebellum, Cortex, Cerebrum

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Option: C
Explanation :The human skeleton is the internal framework of the human body. It is composed of around 270 bones at birth – this total decreases to around 206 bones by adulthood after some bones get fused together. The bone mass in the skeleton reaches maximum density around age 21. The human skeleton can be divided into the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton is formed by the vertebral column, the rib cage, the skull and other associated bones. The appendicular skeleton, which is attached to the axial skeleton, is formed by the shoulder girdle, the pelvic girdle and the bones of the upper and lower limbs.
The human skeleton performs six major functions; support, movement, protection, production of blood cells, storage of minerals, and endocrine regulation.

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Option: C
Explanation :The technology used to check the human eye for refractive error and cornea is Land sat and skylab.
Landsat uses electronic sensors for repetitive observations with moderate ground resolution. The Skylab flights used a wider range of electro-optical sensors and returned film cameras with moderate and high ground resolution.
Refractive error means that shape of your eye does not bend light correctly, resulting in a blurred image. Some common types of refractive errors are myopia , hyperopia , presbyopia , and astigmatism.
The cornea is your eye’s protective outer layer. Along with the sclera (the white of your eye), it serves as a barrier against dirt, germs, and other things that can cause damage. Therefore The cornea is the transparent front part of the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber.

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Option: D
Explanation :All B vitamins help the body to convert food (carbohydrates) into fuel (glucose), which is used to produce energy. These B vitamins, often referred to as B-complex vitamins. B-complex vitamins are needed for a healthy liver, and healthy skin, hair, and eyes. Biotin is a coenzyme involved in the metabolism.Food that contain richest sources of biotin are Liver and other Meats, Egg yolk, Yeast, Nuts and seeds (Almonds, Peanuts,Walnuts and pecans), Salmon (Salmon is a fatty fish), Dairy (Milk, Cheese, Yogurt),Avocados , Sweet Potato, Cauliflower.

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Option: D
Explanation :Vitamin B-6 (pyridoxine) is important for normal brain development and for keeping the nervous system and immune system healthy.All B vitamins help the body to convert food (carbohydrates) into fuel (glucose), which is used to produce energy. These B vitamins, often referred to as B-complex vitamins. B-complex vitamins are needed for a healthy liver, and healthy skin, hair, and eyes. It can be found in certain foods such as cereals, beans, vegetables, liver, meat, and eggs. It can also be made in a laboratory.

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Option: D
Explanation :Vitamin B5 is also known as pantothenic acid.All B vitamins help the body to convert food (carbohydrates) into fuel (glucose), which is used to produce energy. These B vitamins, often referred to as B-complex vitamins. B-complex vitamins are needed for a healthy liver, and healthy skin, hair, and eyes. It is found in Meat,Fish,Grains,Dairy products (Egg yolk, milk, yogurt, and milk products),Legumes(Lentils, split peas, and soybeans) and Vegetables (Mushrooms, avocado, broccoli, sweet potatoes, corn, cauliflower, kale, and tomatoes).

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Option: D
Explanation :Vitamin B2, also known as riboflavin, All B vitamins help the body to convert food (carbohydrates) into fuel (glucose), which is used to produce energy. These B vitamins, often referred to as B-complex vitamins. B-complex vitamins are needed for a healthy liver, and healthy skin, hair, and eyes.Riboflavin is found in eggs, nuts, dairy products, meats, broccoli, brewer’s yeast, Brussel sprouts, wheat germ, wild rice, mushrooms, soybeans, green leafy vegetables and whole grain and enriched cereals and bread.

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